AbaComplex Enhances Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Adipose Tissue Browning: Implications for Obesity and Glucose Regulation

Adipose tissue, particularly white adipose tissue (WAT), plays a central role in energy storage and metabolic regulation. Excess WAT, especially visceral fat, is strongly linked to metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. The browning of WAT, whereby white fat cells acquire characteristics of brown adipose tissue (BAT) with en- hanced thermogenic capacity, represents a promising strategy to enhance metabolic health. In this study, we investigated the effects of chronic supplementation with an infu- sion based on lyophilized, thin nectarines rich in abscisic acid (ABA), named Aba- Complex, on promoting browning of WAT and activating BAT in mice. Over 30 days, C57BL/6 mice were treated with the ABA-rich infusion, and various metabolic and mo- lecular parameters were assessed. The results showed that the AbaComplex significantly increased the expression of browning markers, such as UCP1 and PGC1-α, in both visceral and subcutaneous WAT. Additionally, mitochondrial biogenesis and function were en- hanced, evidenced by elevated mitochondrial DNA content and activity. The treatment also reduced the weight of WAT (both visceral and subcutaneous) and BAT and signifi- cantly improved glucose uptake in WAT via upregulation of GLUT4, suggesting en- hanced insulin sensitivity. Overall, the pronounced browning effect in WAT underscores the potential of AbaComplex as a natural approach for combating obesity and improving metabolic health.