Effects of COVID-19 on public administration: smart working as an organizational revolution

This chapter examines the application of smart working in the public administration sector before and during the COVID-19 health emergency, particularly in Italian local public administrations. Particular attention is given to identifying factors that influence the development of smart working as a flexible organizational model. Using a qualitative method, the authors interviewed 25 public employees who had undertaken smart working pilot projects before the health emergency. The results obtained, interpreted in light of the existing literature on smart working, highlight a widespread positive impact on the flexibility and the degree of response and resilience of Italian public organizations to the health emergency. However, some critical factors, such as the right to disconnect and the impact on work-life balance, are highlighted. This chapter offers several theoretical, managerial and political implications, underscoring the importance of implementing smart working as an organizational change model for public administrations.