Optimal control of plug-in vehicles fleets in microgrids

This chapter focuses on the optimal operation of plug-in vehicle fleets in a microgrid characterized by the presence of other distributed resources, such as distributed generation units. The possible services that vehicle aggregators can provide in the microgrid are discussed and the control actions to be performed in order to obtain such services while integrating the vehicle aggregator actions with those of the other distributed resources of the grid are outlined. The problems with optimal operation are formulated as single-objective and multi-objective optimization problems, specifying, in both cases, objective functions, equality and inequality constraints. The differences and criticisms of both approaches are extensively analyzed in the chapter, where the two approaches are also implemented and solved with reference to the practical cases.