Development of Borgo Appio with energies at Km 0

The research project has as its main objective the identification of a design method for efficient use of a small village of the plain through the study and analysis of the problems of progressive abandonment and depopulation of small villages in italian inner areas. It intends to pursue the enhancement through the integration of development strategies in several sectors of socio-economic and productive activities, providing the necessary tools to overcome the functional senescence factors of rural units, in order to build a system of guidelines for the design and management of restoration and enhancement of rural villages; the main purpose of this project is also stimulating the residential rebalancing of the Italian territory in which increasingly popular is the depopulation of the inner areas because of a low economic attractiveness and a deficiency of services and infrastructure. In 2007 for the first time in the history of the world's population living in urban areas has exceeded the rural population. In 2030 it is estimated that 61% of the world population will be concentrated in urban areas but in continents such as Europe, South and North America, this percentage will reach 83%, involving a significant decrease of quality of life. The research project is included in the studies and research that tend to reverse this process, helping to remove the factors that lead to diseconomies of scale of land management, both from an economic point of view but also the environment, favoring the protection of the Italian landscape. The research project aims to structure a protocol that reinforces urban Governance and promotes the historical identity and introducing activities that will enable the socio-cultural and production innovation, ensuring economic self-sufficiency through sustainable development territory; the research is based, in fact, on the integration of different disciplinary fields in order to identify technological models that can provide a complete energy self-sufficiency to all the village. It will use, not only building technologies aimed at maximum energy savings, but also sustainable facilities, capable of producing all the energy needs of the village through the waste materials from agricultural and livestock activities practiced in neighboring areas to the Village and then to KM 0. The research project identifies as study area the Campania because it represents an emblematic region to population density and the presence of territory subjected to the phenomenon, in addition to the presence of risk factors for human health, such as poor urbanization and for pollution levels occurred in both urban and rural areas. The bad urbanization is expressed in excessive metropolitan congestion and desertification of rural areas; the latter, due to the abandonment, are subjected to pollution phenomena caused by actions arising from emergency urban waste and the dumping of waste from illegal activities. The target area, Borgo Appio small fraction of the municipality of Grazzanise in the Province of Caserta, is inserted in the reclaimed areas in the plains of lower Lazio and Campania which, in turn, is representative of the area called Campania Felix, characterized by low building density and housing and that has been the subject of pollution from waste dumps both urban and illegal.