Outpatient surgical procedures: which is the ideal teaching procedure for a resident surgeon?

Aim. The aim of our study is to evaluate which surgical procedures can be considered the ideal teaching procedure for a resident surgeon. Materials and methods. This is a retrospective study. A chart review was performed on all patients who underwent inguinal hernia repair, saphenectomy, excision of pilonidal sinus and hemorrhoidectomy at our institution, between September 2000 and July 2011, and have at least 1 year of follow-up. We evaluated operative time and complications comparing the results obtained by resident or attending surgeon. Results. We obtained a higher operative time among the procedures performed by resident surgeons for all evaluated interventions. Whereas the occurrence of complications after hernia repair and excision and primary closure of pilonidal sinus were similar in case and control subjects (p = 0,1 and p = 0,1), the occurrence of complications after hemorrhoidectomy and saphenectomy was significantly higher in the case group (p = 0,08 and p = 0,1). Conclusion. Hernia repair and excision and primary closure of pilonidal sinus have to be considered the ideal teaching procedure in a residency program, giving to the young surgeon the opportunity of reach several skills that he needs to master most difficult surgical procedures. Saphenectomy and hemorrhoidectomy should be considered safe only if performed by a senior resident surgeon.