From the pyrolysis of organic feedstock, aside from Biochar and Bio-oils, it is possible to obtain volatile fractions that can be bubbled in distilled water to obtain the "smoke waters" (SWs), rich in biological compounds and usable for energy purposes or technological applications. Overall, 10 different SWs types were generated and investigated from 5 organic feedstocks treated at 300 and 500°C, with which 2 mixtures were produced. The SWs investigated were obtained from solid olive mill waste (OLI mix) and from dried and finely crushed corn (Zea mays L.) leaf and stem; (3) alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) hay; (4) sawdust of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) wood; and (5) cellulose from filter paper (MIX). The SWs and the two mixtures obtained from them were characterized with GC-MS. The effect of oral administrations of OLI and MIX on the Bactrocera oleae fitness was evaluated throughout bioassays carried out with groups of wild new-emerged adults of both sexes, collected from clearly attacked olives harvested in Parco Gussone in Portici (NA). The compounds were administered through a diet of water and sugar added with known amounts of the two mixtures. The alteration effects on the microbiome of the fly were evaluated at the end of each replication. Real Time qPCRs were carried out on pools of 4 females to quantify the presence of the primary endosymbiont, "Candidatus Erwinia dacicola". The analysis were completed on DNA extracted from the head, esophageal bulb's seat, and the intestine's abdomen. The results highlight how the MIX administration limits the bacterial titer and even halves it in the gut, with strong phonological effects also in the subsequent generation. The OLI mixture promotes, instead, the symbiont proliferation both in the bulb and in the gut.
Characterization of Smoke Waters and their effects on Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) (Diptera: Tephritidae) microbiome / Jesu, Giovanni; Vinale, Francesco; Bonanomi, Giuliano; Laudonia, Stefania. - (2023). (Intervento presentato al convegno XXVII Congresso Nazionale Italiano di Entomologia 2023 tenutosi a Università di Palermo).
Characterization of Smoke Waters and their effects on Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) (Diptera: Tephritidae) microbiome
Giovanni Jesu
;Francesco Vinale;Giuliano Bonanomi;Stefania Laudonia
2023
Abstract
From the pyrolysis of organic feedstock, aside from Biochar and Bio-oils, it is possible to obtain volatile fractions that can be bubbled in distilled water to obtain the "smoke waters" (SWs), rich in biological compounds and usable for energy purposes or technological applications. Overall, 10 different SWs types were generated and investigated from 5 organic feedstocks treated at 300 and 500°C, with which 2 mixtures were produced. The SWs investigated were obtained from solid olive mill waste (OLI mix) and from dried and finely crushed corn (Zea mays L.) leaf and stem; (3) alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) hay; (4) sawdust of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) wood; and (5) cellulose from filter paper (MIX). The SWs and the two mixtures obtained from them were characterized with GC-MS. The effect of oral administrations of OLI and MIX on the Bactrocera oleae fitness was evaluated throughout bioassays carried out with groups of wild new-emerged adults of both sexes, collected from clearly attacked olives harvested in Parco Gussone in Portici (NA). The compounds were administered through a diet of water and sugar added with known amounts of the two mixtures. The alteration effects on the microbiome of the fly were evaluated at the end of each replication. Real Time qPCRs were carried out on pools of 4 females to quantify the presence of the primary endosymbiont, "Candidatus Erwinia dacicola". The analysis were completed on DNA extracted from the head, esophageal bulb's seat, and the intestine's abdomen. The results highlight how the MIX administration limits the bacterial titer and even halves it in the gut, with strong phonological effects also in the subsequent generation. The OLI mixture promotes, instead, the symbiont proliferation both in the bulb and in the gut.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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