Research, Innovation and Models of Sustainable Mobility. Sharing Mobility in Italy

The demand for transport in Europe, today, is growing significantly and according to estimates by the European Commission, by 2050 passenger transport will grow by over 50% and freight transport by 80% compared to 2013 levels. The transport system has a significant negative impact on the environment and human health because it depends enormously on oil, whose consumption releases greenhouse gases and environmental pollutants into the atmosphere and is one of the main causes of climate change. A decisive change is therefore necessary, a transport system that satisfies the demand for mobility of the population and economic activities and at the same time reduces emissions of climate-changing gases. The ‘transition’ must move towards a sustainable mobility system in environmental, social and economic terms with a coordinated approach on several fronts and involving a transformation in the behaviour of citizens to be implemented through different measures: reducing the need for transport and the length of the displacements; bring the demand for mobility towards modes of transport with lower environmental impact (iron and water); increase the efficiency and sustainability of means of transport by intervening on vehicle technology. This paper will analyse the urban vocation for shared mobility in Italy. The evaluation of the vocation took place through the analysis of data relating to four dimensions considered relevant for the purpose of the investigation. The result of the research highlights a strongly inhomogeneous situation with a significant concentration of services in a few cities in the Center and North.