T cells engineered with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T cells) are an effective treatment in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia or B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Despite the reported exciting clinical results, the CAR-T cell approach needs efforts to improve the safety profile, limiting the occurrence of adverse events in patients given this treatment. Besides the most common side effects, such as cytokine release syndrome and CAR-T cell–related encephalopathy syndrome, another potential issue involves the inadvertent transduction of leukemia B cells with the CAR construct during the manufacturing process, thus leading to the possibility of a peculiar mechanism of antigen masking and treatment resistance. In this study, we investigated whether the inclusion of the inducible caspase 9 (iC9) suicide gene in the CAR construct design could be an effective safety switch to control malignant CAR+ B cells, ultimately counteracting this serious adverse event. iC9 is a suicide gene able to be activated through binding with an otherwise inert small biomolecule, known as AP1903. The exposure of iC9.CAR.CD19-DAUDI lymphoma and iC9.CAR.CD19-NALM-6 leukemia cells in vitro to 20 nM of AP1903 resulted into the prompt elimination of CAR+ B-leukemia/lymphoma cell lines. The results obtained in the animal model corroborate in vitro data, since iC9.CAR.CD19+ tumor cells were controlled in vivo by the activation of the suicide gene through administration of AP1903. Altogether, our data indicate that the inclusion of the iC9 suicide gene may result in a safe CAR-T cell product, even when manufacturing starts from biological materials characterized by heavy leukemia blast contamination.

Inclusion of the Inducible Caspase 9 Suicide Gene in CAR Construct Increases Safety of CAR.CD19 T Cell Therapy in B-Cell Malignancies / Guercio, M.; Manni, S.; Boffa, I.; Caruso, S.; Di Cecca, S.; Sinibaldi, M.; Abbaszadeh, Z.; Camera, A.; Ciccone, R.; Polito, V. A.; Ferrandino, F.; Reddel, S.; Catanoso, M. L.; Bocceri, E.; Del Bufalo, F.; Algeri, M.; De Angelis, B.; Quintarelli, C.; Locatelli, F.. - In: FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY. - ISSN 1664-3224. - 12:(2021), p. 755639. [10.3389/fimmu.2021.755639]

Inclusion of the Inducible Caspase 9 Suicide Gene in CAR Construct Increases Safety of CAR.CD19 T Cell Therapy in B-Cell Malignancies

Caruso S.;Ciccone R.;Polito V. A.;Ferrandino F.;De Angelis B.;Quintarelli C.
;
Locatelli F.
2021

Abstract

T cells engineered with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T cells) are an effective treatment in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia or B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Despite the reported exciting clinical results, the CAR-T cell approach needs efforts to improve the safety profile, limiting the occurrence of adverse events in patients given this treatment. Besides the most common side effects, such as cytokine release syndrome and CAR-T cell–related encephalopathy syndrome, another potential issue involves the inadvertent transduction of leukemia B cells with the CAR construct during the manufacturing process, thus leading to the possibility of a peculiar mechanism of antigen masking and treatment resistance. In this study, we investigated whether the inclusion of the inducible caspase 9 (iC9) suicide gene in the CAR construct design could be an effective safety switch to control malignant CAR+ B cells, ultimately counteracting this serious adverse event. iC9 is a suicide gene able to be activated through binding with an otherwise inert small biomolecule, known as AP1903. The exposure of iC9.CAR.CD19-DAUDI lymphoma and iC9.CAR.CD19-NALM-6 leukemia cells in vitro to 20 nM of AP1903 resulted into the prompt elimination of CAR+ B-leukemia/lymphoma cell lines. The results obtained in the animal model corroborate in vitro data, since iC9.CAR.CD19+ tumor cells were controlled in vivo by the activation of the suicide gene through administration of AP1903. Altogether, our data indicate that the inclusion of the iC9 suicide gene may result in a safe CAR-T cell product, even when manufacturing starts from biological materials characterized by heavy leukemia blast contamination.
2021
Inclusion of the Inducible Caspase 9 Suicide Gene in CAR Construct Increases Safety of CAR.CD19 T Cell Therapy in B-Cell Malignancies / Guercio, M.; Manni, S.; Boffa, I.; Caruso, S.; Di Cecca, S.; Sinibaldi, M.; Abbaszadeh, Z.; Camera, A.; Ciccone, R.; Polito, V. A.; Ferrandino, F.; Reddel, S.; Catanoso, M. L.; Bocceri, E.; Del Bufalo, F.; Algeri, M.; De Angelis, B.; Quintarelli, C.; Locatelli, F.. - In: FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY. - ISSN 1664-3224. - 12:(2021), p. 755639. [10.3389/fimmu.2021.755639]
File in questo prodotto:
Non ci sono file associati a questo prodotto.

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11588/880887
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus 21
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 17
social impact