Railway system design by adopting the Merry-Go-Round (MGR) paradigm

Public transport systems can be characterised by a schedule-based or a frequency-based framework according to the kind of service to be operated. In the former case, specific departure and arrival times are set for each run and disclosed to the users; in the latter, instead, it is necessary to maintain a certain headway between two successive runs, rather than a specific timetable structure. This paper focuses on modelling frequency-based systems, which can be described by means of the so-called Merry-Go-Round (MGR) paradigm. The paradigm is first discussed and the related an-alytical formulation is presented; the role of the terminal station layout is then investigated within this framework. Finally, in order to show the effectiveness of the proposed formulation, it was implemented in the case of a real-scale metro line.