Cesarean delivery: an evidence-based review on of the technique

The cesarean section is utilized to deliver babies since the late 19th century. Nowadays, the frequency of cesarean section is enormously increased, mainly because of the low rate of complications and for the increasing demand from future mothers, scared by the idea of painful labor. Although the technique to perform cesarean section has been refined over time, infections, hemorrhage, pain and other consequences still represent matter of debate. To try to reduce the incidence of these complications many trials, randomized or not, have been performed, with the aim to analyse different technical aspects of this surgery. The aim of our review is to resume all the evidence-based instructions on how to best approach to cesarean section practice, in a step-to-step fashion, considering pre-operative actions, opening and closing steps, and post-operative prophylaxis.