Dalla nuvola di punti al progetto di restauro. L'estrazione di dati per la valorizzazione dell'antica fortificazione di Casertavecchia

This research aims to highlight how the direct manipulation of complex point clouds and/or of polygonal models, acquired through image-based and range-based techniques, enables the immediate analysis of cognitive aspects which are extremely useful for the diagnostic investigation that is preliminary to the restoration project. The experimentation was carried out on the castle and the annexed fortifications of the village of Casertavecchia. The urban fabric, dated Norman era, is overlooked by the palatium erected between the end of the eleventh and the second half of the thirteenth century. The fort was connected by a drawbridge to a circular keep, known as "Torre dei Falchi”, in a fortified hexagonal fence system, littered by 6 quadrangular towers. The keep, the second in Europe in terms of size, is a rare example of Federician military architecture. Despite temporary restoration works have been carried out in the last century, degradation and neglect continue to threaten the fortified system. The research aims to acquire useful data for the enhancement and recovery of the monument. A survey campaign was carried out with the aid of the aerial photogrammetry technique which allowed the collection of information in areas difficult to access due to environmental conditions (vegetation). The data have been refined with a terrestrial topographic survey. The integration and manipulation of metric and chromatic data allowed to analyze the architectural degenerative evolution, showing the phenomena and pathologies of degradation in progress, from which it is possible to obtain - in an automatic, indirect and objective way - information not only of qualitative but also quantitative nature. In this way, the data collected through modern surveying technologies has made possible to extract, thanks to an appropriate investigation of the data itself, information belonging not only to the dimension of visible, of perceivable but especially to invisible.