Spectral- and power-efficient data multiplexing format based on code-shift-keying

This paper proposes a spectral- and power- efficient code division multiplexing (CDM) scheme based on code shift keying (CSK) for the down-link of a communication system subject to additive Gaussian noise (e.g., the forward link of a satellite communication system). In a CSK system, each active user is assigned a set of sequences taken from Gold codes and their cyclic shifts. Spectral efficiency can be achieved by multiplexing several CSK modulators. We first define the corresponding Maximum-Likelihood (ML) decoder, showing that it can be efficiently implemented through a Sphere Decoding (SD) algorithm. An approximate performance analysis of the proposed scheme is given, and validated through numerical simulations, showing that larger spectral efficiencies also lead to increased power efficiencies.