The transport of nanoparticles in blood vessels: the effect of vessel permeability and blood rheology

The longitudinal transport of nanoparticles in blood vessels has been analyzed with blood described as a Casson fluid. Starting from the celebrated Taylor and Aris theory, an explicit expression has been derived for the effective longitudinal diffusion (Deff) depending non-linearly on the rheological parameter xi(c), the ratio between the plug and the vessel radii; and on the permeability parameters pi and omega, related to the hydraulic conductivity and pressure drop across the vessel wall, respectively. An increase of xi(c) or pi has the effect of reducing Deff, and thus both the rheology of blood and the permeability of the vessels may constitute a physiological barrier to the intravascular delivery of nanoparticles.