Spazi collettivi resilienti al cambiamento climatico. Progetto pilota di riqualificazione di unità residenziali nell’area orientale di Napoli

The issue of quality in urban suburbs has been a central element in the architectural debate during the urban expansion in the 60s and in a different way also in the 70s and 80s. The debate focused on the construction of suburbs in the main cities of the country, sometimes with relevant criticalities caused by “errors in planning – due to the selection of locations based on speculation rather than quality – in designing private and public spaces, often aesthetically questionable and less functional – in implementing works and services, often designed but not implemented. Nowadays, the debate on design witnesses a meaningful development of the concept of collective space and an expansion of the features and the role of collective spaces that are called to perform as spaces for social relations – reconsidering the concepts of proximity, neighbourhood, and aggregation typical of the last decades experience – as well as buffer spaces conveniently characterized and qualified to contribute to the resilience and the ability of suburbs contexts to adapt to climate change according to the new direction of national and EU policies on the integrated strategies of urban development. This paper deals with the results of simulations achieved through both a programme of didactic experiments during internships before graduating and graduation thesis in experimental topics and within the didactic laboratories of DiARC courses. The field tests performed retrofit of buildings and urban spaces in some residential units in East Naples within the Programma Straordinario di Edilizia Residenziale post terremoto (Extraordinary Programme of Residential Building after the earthquake).Tests have given quite interesting results as urban regeneration targets have been matched to environmental criticalities and to the necessary actions and solutions to fight against the negative effects on buildings and inhabitants. Strategies have been systematized and technological and design patterns for collective spaces have been defined to improve the quality of dwellings - on the one hand at the level of social cohesion and improvement of social relation spaces, on the other hand in such a way to take advantage of these actions that have been implemented in a context lacking of structured spaces, to encourage relations and contribute to the counter-actions against the effects of climate change, specifically pluvial flooding and heat waves.