Neck fragmentation in fission and quasifission of heavy and superheavy nuclei

The generalized approach is proposed for the ternary fission and the neck fragmentation of the dinuclear system formed in the heavy ion quasifission reactions. The light-charged-particles accompanied the fission and quasifission are the valuable probes for studies of the dynamics of the hyperdeformed nuclear configurations with neck. The developed model describes well the light-charged-particle emission probabilities and their mass distributions in the ternary fission of actinide nuclei. The model is also applied to analyze the double differential distributions of the protons and α-particles accompanied fragmentation in the reaction 86Kr + 206Pb at EKr = 500 and 600 MeV. It was found that the near scission emission multiplicities of α-particles are and 0.070 ± 0.005 at lower and higher energies, respectively. The neck emission of the protons was not detected.