Method for diagnosis, monitoring the efficacy of a therapy and for development of treatment for Multiple Sclerosis

The present invention relates to a method for diagnosis and/or prognosis of multiple sclerosis or to monitor the efficacy of a therapy and/or to screen for a treatment for multiple sclerosis comprising measuring the amount or assessing the cellular localization of one or more specific molecular species in stimulated oligodendrocyte cells. Changes of expression or localization of specific proteins involved in oligodendrocyte differentiation are measured after incubation of differentiating cells with cerebrospinal fluid, immunoglobulins extracted from blood serum or blood of patients with multiple sclerosis.