Effects of tillage and nitrogen fertilisation on triticale grain yield, chemical composition and nutritive value.

BACKGROUND: Given the interest in the development of cultivation systems with low agronomic input and environmental impact, the aim of this study was to determine the influence of tillage system (conventional tillage (CT), two-layer tillage (TT), surface tillage (ST) and minimum tillage (MT)) and nitrogen (N) fertilisation rate (0, 50 and 100 kg ha−1) on triticale grain and protein yields, chemical composition and nutritive value. RESULTS: Therewere no significant differences among tillage treatments in grain and protein yields. ST resulted in significantly higher crude protein (CP) and true soluble protein (TSP) contents as well as in vitro crude protein digestibility (CPD). Neutral detergent fibre concentration was significantly higher with ST than with MT, and this led to a small reduction (2 g kg−1 dry matter (DM)) in in vitro true DM digestibility (IVTDMD). N fertilisation significantly increased grain and protein yields as well as CP, non-protein nitrogen and TSP contents and CPD. IVTDMD was significantly lower with 0 kg N ha−1 than with 50 and 100 kg Nha−1. CONCLUSION: Reducing tillage intensity improved the CP content and CPD of triticale grain. The application of 50 kg N ha−1 resulted in good grain quality parameters and grain and protein yields.