Phytopathogens causing huge losses in crops are being controlled by using synthetic fungicides. However, improper or excessive use of these products can negatively impact both crop productivity and overall plant health. There are many successful attempts regarding the isolation of natural plant-based fungicides, but such reports are missing for Dryopteris nigropaleacea. Herein, the antifungal activity of rhizomes extract of D. nigropaleacea was investigated against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) in 96-well microtiter plate method. Furthermore, antifungal compounds were isolated with the help of thin layer chromatography (TLC), column chromatography (CC), and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The structures of these compounds were elucidated by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and modes of action of purified compounds in terms of relative electrical conductivity (REC) and ergosterol contents of FOL were investigated. In total, 3 compounds were isolated and identified from the rhizomes of D. nigropaleacea viz., eriodictyol, esculetin and dihydroconiferyl alcohol, exhibiting MIC values of 134.44, 17.78, and 4.44 mu g mL(-1), respectively. On the other hand, commercial fungicide ketoconazole, exhibited MIC value of 4.44 mu g mL(-1)against FOL. In modes of action studies, dihydroconiferyl alcohol exhibited the highest REC (201.7%) and the lowest ergosterol contents (81.3%) at MIC, but lower than the reference compound, ketoconazole. The present study implies that the antifungal compounds from the rhizomes of D. nigropaleacea can be used as lead compounds to synthesize natural antifungal molecules.
Isolation, Characterization, and Modes of Action of Antifungal Compounds from Rhizomes of Dryopteris nigropaleacea / Jafri, F. I.; Akbar, M.; Nazir, Y.; Khalil, A.; Bhatti, K. H.; Andolfi, A.; Mazhar, M. W.; Ashiq, S.. - In: CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY. - ISSN 0343-8651. - 83:1(2026), pp. N/A-N/A. [10.1007/s00284-025-04624-0]
Isolation, Characterization, and Modes of Action of Antifungal Compounds from Rhizomes of Dryopteris nigropaleacea
Khalil A.;Andolfi A.Visualization
;
2026
Abstract
Phytopathogens causing huge losses in crops are being controlled by using synthetic fungicides. However, improper or excessive use of these products can negatively impact both crop productivity and overall plant health. There are many successful attempts regarding the isolation of natural plant-based fungicides, but such reports are missing for Dryopteris nigropaleacea. Herein, the antifungal activity of rhizomes extract of D. nigropaleacea was investigated against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) in 96-well microtiter plate method. Furthermore, antifungal compounds were isolated with the help of thin layer chromatography (TLC), column chromatography (CC), and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The structures of these compounds were elucidated by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and modes of action of purified compounds in terms of relative electrical conductivity (REC) and ergosterol contents of FOL were investigated. In total, 3 compounds were isolated and identified from the rhizomes of D. nigropaleacea viz., eriodictyol, esculetin and dihydroconiferyl alcohol, exhibiting MIC values of 134.44, 17.78, and 4.44 mu g mL(-1), respectively. On the other hand, commercial fungicide ketoconazole, exhibited MIC value of 4.44 mu g mL(-1)against FOL. In modes of action studies, dihydroconiferyl alcohol exhibited the highest REC (201.7%) and the lowest ergosterol contents (81.3%) at MIC, but lower than the reference compound, ketoconazole. The present study implies that the antifungal compounds from the rhizomes of D. nigropaleacea can be used as lead compounds to synthesize natural antifungal molecules.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
