Enhancing Seismic Resilience of Historical Masonry Buildings in Low Seismicity Regions: A Case Study of Annaba City, Algeria

The reinforcement of historic masonry buildings, even in regions with moderate to low seismic hazards, is crucial for preserving architectural heritage and ensuring public safety. This study examines the necessity of reinforcing such structures in the city of Annaba (Algeria), a region characterized by low seismic activity. A significant challenge is the limited awareness and lack of proactive measures by local authorities concerning retrofitting efforts in historic city centers, largely due to the perceived low seismic risk. To address this issue, the research employs 3Muri software to model and analyse two historic masonry buildings, assessing their vulnerability to seismic actions. The analyses identify potential failure modes and expected damage, underscoring the urgent need for reinforcement techniques. Subsequently, suitable retrofitting measures are implemented, and the building’s vulnerability is reassessed to evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions. The results demonstrate a substantial reduction in seismic susceptibility at damage, highlighting the importance of inserting consolidation techniques even in areas with moderate or low seismicity. The study aims to provide a replicable framework for similar assessments and interventions in other regions with historic masonry constructions exposed to seismic hazards.