The DarkSide-20k dark matter direct detection experiment will employ a 21m2 silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) array, instrumenting a dual-phase 50 tonnes liquid argon Time Projection Chamber (TPC). SiPMs are arranged into modular photosensors called Tiles, each integrating 24 SiPMs onto a printed circuit board (PCB) that provides signal amplification, power distribution, and a single-ended output for simplified readout. 16 Tiles are further grouped into Photo-Detector Units (PDUs). This paper details the production of the Tiles and the Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA-QC) protocol established to ensure their performance and uniformity. The production and QA-QC of the Tiles are carried out at Nuova Officina Assergi (NOA), an ISO-6 clean room facility at LNGS. This process includes wafer-level cryogenic characterisation, precision die attaching, wire bonding, and extensive electrical and optical validation of each Tile. The overall production yield exceeds 83.5%, matching the requirements of the DarkSide-20k production plan. These results validate the robustness of the Tile design and its suitability for operation in a cryogenic environment.
Production, quality assurance and quality control of the SiPM Tiles for the DarkSide-20k Time Projection Chamber / Null, Null; Acerbi, F.; Adhikari, P.; Agnes, P.; Ahmad, I.; Albergo, S.; Albuquerque, I. F.; Alexander, T.; Alton, A. K.; Amaudruz, P.; Angiolilli, M.; Aprile, E.; Atzori Corona, M.; Auty, D. J.; Ave, M.; Avetisov, I. C.; Azzolini, O.; Back, H. O.; Balmforth, Z.; Barrado Olmedo, A.; Barrillon, P.; Batignani, G.; Bhowmick, P.; Bloem, M.; Blua, S.; Bocci, V.; Bonivento, W.; Bottino, B.; Boulay, M. G.; Braun, T.; Buchowicz, A.; Bussino, S.; Busto, J.; Cadeddu, M.; Cadoni, M.; Calabrese, R.; Camillo, V.; Caminata, A.; Canci, N.; Caravati, M.; Cárdenas-Montes, M.; Cargioli, N.; Carlini, M.; Castellani, A.; Cavalcante, P.; Cebrian, S.; Chashin, S.; Chepurnov, A.; Choudhary, S.; Cifarelli, L.; Cleveland, B.; Coadou, Y.; Cocco, V.; Colaiuda, D.; Conde Vilda, E.; Consiglio, L.; Cortez, A. F. V.; Costa, B. S.; Czubak, M.; D'Aniello, M.; D'Auria, S.; Da Rocha Rolo, M. D.; Dainty, A.; Darbo, G.; Davini, S.; De Asmundis, R.; De Cecco, S.; Dellacasa, G.; Derbin, A. V.; Devoto, A.; Di Noto, L.; Di Stefano, P.; Dias, L. K.; Díaz Mairena, D.; Dionisi, C.; Dolganov, G.; Dordei, F.; Dronik, V.; Dylon, F.; Elersich, A.; Ellingwood, E.; Erjavec, T.; Fearon, N.; Fernandez Diaz, M.; Ferro, L.; Ficorella, A.; Fiorillo, G.; Fleming, D.; Franchini, P.; Franco, D.; Frandini Gatti, H.; Frolov, E.; Gabriele, F.; Gahan, D.; Galbiati, C.; Galiński, G.; Gallina, G.; Garbini, M.; Garcia Abia, P.; Gawdzik, A.; Gendotti, A.; Giovanetti, G. K.; Goicoechea Casanueva, V.; Gola, A.; Grandi, L.; Grauso, G.; Grilli Di Cortona, G.; Grobov, A.; Gromov, M.; Gulino, M.; Hackett, B. R.; Hallin, A. L.; Hamer, A.; Haranczyk, M.; Harrop, B.; Hessel, T.; Hidalgo, C.; Hollingham, J.; Horikawa, S.; Hu, J.; Hubaut, F.; Huff, D.; Hugues, T.; Hungerford, E. V.; Ianni, A.; Ianni, A.; Ippolito, V.; Jamil, A.; Jillings, C.; Keloth, R.; Kemmerich, N.; Kemp, A.; Kimura, M.; Klenin, A.; Kondo, K.; Korga, G.; Kotsiopoulou, L.; Koulosousas, S.; Kubankin, A.; Kunzé, P.; Kuss, M.; Kuźniak, M.; Kuzwa, M.; La Commara, M.; Lai, M.; Le Guirriec, E.; Leason, E.; Leoni, A.; Lidey, L.; Lipp, J.; Lissia, M.; Luzzi, L.; Lychagina, O.; Macfadyen, O.; Machts, I.; Machulin, I. N.; Manecki, S.; Manthos, I.; Mapelli, L.; Marasciulli, A.; Mari, S. M.; Mariani, C.; Maricic, J.; Martinez, M.; Martoff, C. J.; Matteucci, G.; Mavrokoridis, K.; Mcdonald, A. B.; Merzi, S.; Messina, A.; Milincic, R.; Minutoli, S.; Mitra, A.; Monroe, J.; Moretti, E.; Morrocchi, M.; Morsy, A.; Mroz, T.; Muratova, V. N.; Murra, M.; Musico, P.; Nania, R.; Nessi, M.; Nieradka, G.; Nikolopoulos, K.; Nikoloudaki, E.; Nikulin, I.; Nowak, J.; Olchanski, K.; Oleinik, A.; Oleynikov, V.; Organtini, P.; De Solórzano, A. Ortiz; Padmanabhan, A.; Pallavicini, M.; Pandola, L.; Pantic, E.; Paoloni, E.; Papi, D.; Park, B.; Pastuszak, G.; Paternoster, G.; Pavarani, R.; Peck, A.; Pelczar, K.; Perez, R.; Pesudo, V.; Piacentini, S.; Pino, N.; Plante, G.; Pocar, A.; Pordes, S.; Pralavorio, P.; Preosti, E.; Price, D.; Pronesti, M.; Puglia, S.; Queiroga Bazetto, M.; Raffaelli, F.; Ragusa, F.; Ramachers, Y.; Ramirez, A.; Ravinthiran, S.; Razeti, M.; Renshaw, A. L.; Repond, A.; Rescigno, M.; Resconi, S.; Retiere, F.; Rignanese, L. P.; Ritchie-Yates, A.; Rivetti, A.; Roberts, A.; Roberts, C.; Rogers, G.; Romero, L.; Rossi, M.; Rubbia, A.; Rudik, D.; Runge, J.; Sabia, M. A.; Salomone, P.; Samoylov, O.; Sanfilippo, S.; Santone, D.; Santorelli, R.; Santos, E. M.; Sargeant, I.; Savarese, C.; Scapparone, E.; Schuckman, F. G.; Scioli, G.; Semenov, D. A.; Sestu, M.; Shalamova, V.; Sharma Poudel, S.; Sheshukov, A.; Simeone, M.; Skensved, P.; Skorokhvatov, M. D.; Smirnov, O.; Smirnova, T.; Smith, B.; Spadoni, F.; Spangenberg, M.; Steri, A.; Stornelli, V.; Stracka, S.; Sung, A.; Sunny, C.; Suvorov, Y.; Szelc, A. M.; Taborda, O.; Tartaglia, R.; Taylor, A.; Taylor, J.; Testera, G.; Thieme, K.; Thompson, A.; Torres-Lara, S.; Tricomi, A.; Tullio, S.; Unzhakov, E. V.; Van Uffelen, M.; Ventura, P.; Viant, T.; Viel, S.; Vishneva, A.; Vogelaar, R. B.; Vossebeld, J.; Vyas, B.; Wada, M.; Walczak, M.; Wang, Y.; Westerdale, S.; Williams, L.; Wojcik, M. M.; Wojcik, M.; Yang, C.; Yin, J.; Zabihi, A.; Zakhary, P.; Zani, A.; Zhang, Y.; Zhu, T.; Zichichi, A.; Zuzel, G.; Zykova, M. P.. - In: EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS. - ISSN 1434-6052. - 85:11(2025). [10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14940-1]
Production, quality assurance and quality control of the SiPM Tiles for the DarkSide-20k Time Projection Chamber
Calabrese, R.;Castellani, A.;Cocco, V.;Consiglio, L.;Ferro, L.;Fiorillo, G.;Gabriele, F.;Gallina, G.;Hu, J.;Ianni, A.;Ianni, A.;Korga, G.;La Commara, M.;Lai, M.;Martinez, M.;Moretti, E.;Paternoster, G.;Ravinthiran, S.;Rudik, D.;Simeone, M.Investigation
;Suvorov, Y.;Taylor, A.;Taylor, J.;Ventura, P.;Williams, L.;
2025
Abstract
The DarkSide-20k dark matter direct detection experiment will employ a 21m2 silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) array, instrumenting a dual-phase 50 tonnes liquid argon Time Projection Chamber (TPC). SiPMs are arranged into modular photosensors called Tiles, each integrating 24 SiPMs onto a printed circuit board (PCB) that provides signal amplification, power distribution, and a single-ended output for simplified readout. 16 Tiles are further grouped into Photo-Detector Units (PDUs). This paper details the production of the Tiles and the Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA-QC) protocol established to ensure their performance and uniformity. The production and QA-QC of the Tiles are carried out at Nuova Officina Assergi (NOA), an ISO-6 clean room facility at LNGS. This process includes wafer-level cryogenic characterisation, precision die attaching, wire bonding, and extensive electrical and optical validation of each Tile. The overall production yield exceeds 83.5%, matching the requirements of the DarkSide-20k production plan. These results validate the robustness of the Tile design and its suitability for operation in a cryogenic environment.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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