Spazio, ambiente e mondo in Max Scheler. Dall’antropologia filosofica alla psicopatologia fenomenologica

The aim of this contribution is to use some hermeneutic categories borrowed from the reflections of Max Scheler (1874-1928) to interpret the complex relationship between man and space. First of all, the relationship between lived spatiality and vital movement will be analyzed by integrating Scheler's point of view with that of Erwin Straus (1891-1975). Afterwards it will be described how Scheler uses the concept of Umwelt by Uexküll (1864-1944) through the mediation of Bergson and Nietzsche to distinguish the essential characteristics of different living beings. To understand the peculiarity of the human openness to the world, the concepts of empty space and excess of imagination will be illustrated by crossing some of Sloterdijk's reflections with those of Scheler. Finally, the influence of Scheler's reflection on space on Ludwig Binswanger (1881-1966) and the role that these concepts can play in understanding the psychopathology of spatiality will be shown.