Study of the WAAM-CMT process for ER70S steel: Influence of the main parameters on the morphology of single tracks

Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) is an emerging technology that enables the production of high-integrity, semifinished metallic components using both conventional and ad- hoc welding machines. However, such a technology presents some challenges, mainly related to obtaining optimal deposition parameters. This experimental study investigated the impact of wire feed speed (WFS) and travel speed (TS) on the geometric properties of WAAM-CMT deposited ER70S single-tracks. The bead width (W) and height (H) were analyzed as response variables. Experimental results revealed that increasing WFS significantly increased both W and H, while increasing TS reduced them. Statistical analysis confirmed the significance of both WFS and TS for W, while only WFS significantly influenced H. These findings highlight the critical role of process parameters in optimizing WAAM geometry, paving the way for enhanced quality in additively manufactured components.