Associations between vaping during pregnancy and perinatal outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Despite numerous studies linking prenatal vaping to adverse perinatal outcomes, a systematic assessment for critical comparison remains absent. To investigate these associations, we conducted a systematic search of studies assessing perinatal outcomes in mothers and/or neonates exposed to vaping during pregnancy compared to those in women without prenatal vaping exposure through MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PROSPERO, and Google Scholar until July 5, 2024. We performed inverse-variance random-effects meta-analyses for maternal and neonatal outcomes of 23 studies with a total of 924,376 participants with 7552 reporting vaping-only use during pregnancy. Prenatal vaping was associated with 53 % higher odds of an adverse maternal outcome (OR: 1.53; 95 % CI: 1.27–1.85; I2 = 80 %), particularly with decreased breastfeeding (OR: 0.53; 95 % CI: 0.38–0.72; I2 = 45 %) and reduced prevalence of adequate prenatal care (OR: 0.69; 95 % CI: 0.56–0.86; I2 = 82 %). Prenatal...