Il peso vivo della storia. Sport ed egemonia nel solco gramsciano e neo-marxista

The sociological analysis of sport has long included in its tradition of study reflections that are part of a well-established Marxist legacy. This paper seeks to reconstruct the perspective of the hegemonic theory of sport, an analytical focus of Gramscian inspiration that represents one of the most qualified approaches in the Marxist sociology of sport. The hegemonic approach starts trying to recompose the dialectic between structure and subjectivity, and between culture and material conditions of existence, in order to highlight the conflicting and contradictory aspects of social reality in its historical processuality. Modern sport becomes, in this analytical orientation, the site of conflicts, negotiations, compromises between classes and class fractions with different material and symbolic resources, where dominant ideas and interests seek legitimation, possibly in common sense, but where resistance energy and alternative, albeit often residual, antagonistic forces can emerge.